Got Scots?

 
Last week I discussed some of the folks that I have met via the Internet over the last several years that allowed each of us to expand our ancestral knowledge. Cousin “L,” one of my synergistic relatives, recently pointed me to a web site that provides Scottish parish and probate records. The site is called “Scotland’s People” and is “the official government source of genealogical data for Scotland.” You will find it at http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/.

Overview

There is one danger -- the site is addictive. If you have Scottish ancestry and know the general location of where your forebears lived, you might be able to expand your horizons and extend your generational reach. Some of the records, such census records, are available elsewhere. Even abstracts of some parish registers can be obtained on other sites; however, “Scotland’s People” allows you to access the actual documents. In addition, complete probate records are on file.

Unfortunately, searching some of the records and accessing all of the records has an associated cost. To do either, you must register as a member. Credits may be purchased in increments of 30 for £6 – which is roughly $10.00 American. You can purchase the credits via a credit card. One word of warning, the site would not process my debit card; however, it readily accepted my credit card.

When you perform a search, it is necessary to narrow the search as much as possible. This may be done by having both first and last names of the individual, the county and specific parish locations, and a range of years. Even with common names, I found it helpful to use the Soundex feature as one of my Wilsons was enumerated as Willson and I missed him the first time I searched for his birth record.

When you search for a name and it returns a number of pages, expect to pay one credit for each page. This will use up credits quickly if you don’t manage your searches well. Each parish document costs five credits each. The wills are somewhat different in that they can be searched for free and the entire will can be purchased each for £5 sterling. I had mistakenly thought that it was £5 per page; however, the price is for the entire document.

Incidentally, when you purchase searches and documents, these remain available for a period of time at the site without additional charge and both may be downloaded.

Where there’s a will, there’s a way

One of the aspects I’ve learned about Scottish wills is that there are specific, dialectal, and archaic terms in use that you will need to define. In addition, as with many legal documents, sometimes Latin is used for specific designations. Below, I have listed some of the terms you may encounter.

• Testament dative – executors appointed by the court where there was no will and the testament dative is the document that is produced in absence of a will.
• Heritable property – real property including land and buildings. These cannot be bequeathed in a will.
• Movable property – all personal property that could be sold to honor debts and from which would be passed onto the heirs.
• Goods and gear – personal property
• Brother german – full brother
• Brother uterine – half brother who shares the same mother
• Brother agnate – half brother who shares the same father
• Umquhill (Umql.) – the late
• Defunct – the deceased
• Decerned – decreed by the court

A great help in understanding Scottish wills and the handwriting of the period is ScottishHandwriting.com. Without this site, I would have been lost in understanding some of the documents.

For a look at an actual will and my transcription of it, click here.

Old Parish Registers

These records are invaluable in proving paternity and finding dates of births and christenings (baptisms), marriages, and burials. When you see these records, you will need to remember that these are Church of Scotland records and were not specifically intended for genealogical purposes. With that said, they can be a source of additional information for ancestor hunters.

Birth/Baptismal Records

Dates of birth and death may be missing from the register as the dates for baptisms and burials were regarded as more important. While missing in some, they do appear in other documents. My 3rd great grandmother’s birth/baptismal record from 1782 reads: “John Wilson, Mariner and Janet Frazer, spouse of this Parish had a Daughter born fifteenth and baptized Twenty sixth of January 1782 named Frances. Witnesses Alexander Watson & Alen Gray.”

Portrait and birth record of Frances Wilson (later Owston)

Click photo for the document.

While I had seen this parish record twenty years ago on a microfilm I ordered from the Latter Day Saints Family History Library, I was able to download a digital copy of the record from “Scotland’s People.” The whole page is downloadable so if there is more than one record of interest, you will get them both. I did have this happen twice with two relatives found on the same page.

Marriage Records

Information in the marriage records will vary and may include the names of the parents, the occupation of the groom, witnesses, and other pertinent information. Some may be extremely complete and others may be woefully incomplete. The document may include information concerning the proclamation of banns – which is an announcement during a regular church service that gives the parish members an opportunity to object to the forthcoming marriage. The record may also reference the issuance of a license of marriage.

Portraits and marriage record for Thomas Owston & Agnes Douglas

Click the above photo for access to the document

“Thomas Owston, mercht. of Upper Canada [Ontario], and Agnes Douglas, daugt. of Robt. Douglas, Esq. both residing in the Parish of North Leith gave in their names for a proclamation of banns for one Sabbath. John Gillon [first cousin of the groom and brother-in-law of the bride] and Robt. Douglas , her father attestors. Proclaimed the 15th Febry; got lics. [license] 17th March 1829 & married the same day by the Rev. James Buchanan, Min. of North Leith.”

Death and Burial Records

Since the church did not require burial information to be registered, some parish registers only have deaths for the 19th century. Earlier deaths are not recorded. In addition, where you find records a woman’s maiden name is used more often than her married name. In the following death record for my fourth great-grandmother, she is listed as “Fraser, Janet relict (widow) of John Wilson, Shipmaster, died the ___ Sept. and was buried 30th Sept. [1825]. 4 P[aces] S[outh] from Jno. Reid’s stone.” She died of “old age” at the age of “81.”

Portrait and death record for Janet Fraser Wilson

Click the above photo for access to the document

While her date of death is not listed it is reasonable to say that she died two to three days prior to the burial on September 30, 1825. Extant copies of the Edinburgh Current do not list her death information; therefore, knowing her exact date of death is impossible at the present.

It is interesting to note that she was buried four paces south from the stone of John Reid in the North Leith parish cemetery on Coburg Street in Leith. The location of the plot may indicate that there was no stone erected for the grave. Ironically, her daughter (my 3rd great grandmother) was buried in Cobourg, Ontario.

Other Records

The site has other records that I have not had a need to check as these do not apply to my family. These addition records include the decennial censuses from 1841 to 1901; the statutory registers for births, marriages, and deaths for the years 1855 to 2006; Coats of Arms; and Catholic parish registers.

My Experiences

I was able to tighten up my family tree and learned that some information of another researcher who had submitted his data to International Genealogical Index (IGI) was incorrect. At the time, I had contacted him and he sent me his complete family record sheets and when I did a preliminary check of the parish registers, I thought he was correct -- we were both wrong.

The will of my fourth great-grandfather provided by Cousin "L" had information concerning the date of death of this ancestor, that his son John had predeceased the Testament Dative, and the name of my 3rd great grandmother’s oldest sister’s husband was recorded incorrectly by my 1990 contact.

The other researcher (as I did in 1990) assumed that another Janet Wilson who was married in the parish was the daughter of John Wilson and Janet Fraser. It was not the same Janet Wilson. The correct marriage, however, was documented in the records of St. Cuthbert's Parish of nearby Edinburgh.

There were other mistakes found in the other researcher’s analysis of the parish registers that I was able to correct in my family tree. In addition, I was able to take two lines back further in time and added to my ever growing list of ancestors.

Cautions

As with any genealogical record, take notice of others in the parish that have the same name. This was one of the errors that my contact from 1990 had made in his research. This is easy to do.

In searching the records for further information regarding my fifth great-grandfather named John Wilson, I discovered that there were as many eight adult John Wilsons that were possibly alive in 1760. One of these was my fifth great grandfather and one was my fourth great grandfather. One could possibly be my sixth great grandfather; however, I neither have his name nor any information about him.

I alluded to a second problem with the site. It can be addicting and therefore, you may be finding that you are spending more than you initially expected. For most genealogists, these additional costs will be part of the normal behavior associated with the hobby.

Thanks Cousin "L" for letting me know about this site.

Got Scots?, good luck.

Two Heads Are Better Than One

Genealogy is a hobby that often relies upon the help of other people to further your own pursuit of knowledge. Some individuals serve solely as information sources that can provide important clues to your family, but they have little personal interest in research. Others are necessary connections in solving the deeper mysteries of your heritage.

No Genealogist is an Island

In the past several years, I have connected with others via the Internet in a sharing of information. Some of this collaboration is somewhat one sided and other relationships have been mutually beneficial. In every case, these individuals found me through either Ancestry.com or Find-A-Grave. Since that time, I have now branched out to genetic genealogy with participation in several sites and projects.

One such collaboration occurred a year and half ago and was with a second cousin once removed who found my entries on Find-A-Grave. Mike had performed a considerable amount of research on our Schad families, yet was stymied by why our family came to the US and then returned to Germany and then returned to the US.

Knowing the reason, I was able to provide this answer that they had received an inheritance and since the money could not be exchanged, they went back to Germany. The majority of the family returned over 20 years later (my great grandfather came back earlier and one brother stayed in Germany). Had they not returned to Germany for a 20 plus year stay, chances are that Mike and I would not be here today, as the family would have certainly died in the Johnstown Flood since they lived in the flood plain.

Mike shared his research and together we were able to ascertain the correct maiden name for my second and his third great-grandmother. In 1968, my grandmother told me that her grandmother's name was Margaret Eichenauer. While she is associated with that surname, it was the name of Margaret's stepfather and was not her maiden name.

Since Mike lived a short distance from a Latter Day Saints Family History Library, he was able to order and copy the records for their home parish in Landenhausen, Hesse-Darmstadt. It was in his search that he discovered our most common recent ancestor’s maiden name was actually Völler and not Eichenauer (curiously enough, her great-grandmother's maiden name was Eichenauer).

 Margaret Völler Schad; Grandview Cemetery, Johnstown, PA

Although Mike had been through these registers in the past, six additional generations of our family unraveled before his eyes and he shared this information with me. I in turn was able to provide him information regarding more recent generations. My research consisted of Civil War records from the National Archives and newspaper and legal documents from Cambria County, Pennsylvania. While I will admit that Mike did some spectacular genealogy research and the lion’s share of the work, our sharing was mutually beneficial.

As Paul Harvey used to say, "Page Two!"

About the same time, I received an email from a fourth cousin from one of my two Myers families. While my research was at a standstill on this line, Steve was able to invigorate life back into a line that I stopped working in 2007 because of the many dead ends and brick walls. While I have not been able to connect my two Myers lines that circumstantially appear to be related, Steve provided me with some necessary information that led us to Franklin County, Pennsylvania where I spent some time researching our family.

While I was not able to go back more than one generation, it was a key to understanding our family lore of having Scotch-Irish ancestry via one of my great-grandmothers – whose family by all appearances of name and religion were German and Swiss. The key was my 3rd great grandmother’s maiden name of Jamison – which led back to an Ulster-Scots family that had immigrated to Pennsylvania prior to the Revolutionary War. Much needs to be done on both the Myers and Jamison lines, but meeting Steve was a key to understanding a heritage that was claimed, but was not able to be proved until now.

Adam Jamison Myers - brother of my 2nd Great Grandmother

Independence-Butler Cemetery, Butler, Richland County, Ohio

In the last several years I’ve additionally had the pleasure of connecting with descendants of my father’s half-sisters and a descendant of my step-father’s half-brother. With my entry into genetic genealogy, I am beginning to understand some of my colonial lines and am getting closer to pinpointing the Scottish and Irish connections of my McAnulty and Jamison forebears. Time will only tell what more I can learn about my heritage through these links to the past.

The Synergistic Effect

These connections have provided a forum for our learning more about our families. The old adage is “Two heads are better than one.” This has proven itself time and time again. These relationships provide synergy – a word that stems from the Greek noun ergos : εργος meaning work and the preposition “with” (sun : συν).

I like Chris Adams’ definition of this term on About.com: “Synergy is when the result is greater than the sum of the parts. Synergy is created when things work in concert together to create an outcome that is in some way of more value than the total of what the individual inputs is.” In other words, you can accomplish more working together with less energy expelled than you do by working alone. In genealogy this is very important.

Although I have made great strides in my research over the past several years by working with others, one synergistic relationship stands head and shoulders above the others and it created a family bond that has been mutually beneficial for all of the parties involved. There are mysteries in my primary line of research that I would have never solved on my own. There are places I would have never visited due to restrictions, but have seen through photos and videos. The synergy in this bond goes beyond research as there are some definite genetic personality traits that we both share.

And Now, for the Rest of the Story

Two years ago this weekend, I received a message through my Ancestry.com Owston/Ouston surname message board that stated, “Hi, I am looking up the ancestry of my great grandfather George Arthur Owston, married Nellie Ebton in Cobourg, Jan 1912, his birth date, abt. 1851, his father, William, his mother, Orillia or Arlia.”

This was exciting as I had traced George’s family and had only recently become aware of George’s second marital relationship when the Ontario marriage records became available on Ancestry.com; however, I never knew of any children that were born to this brief relationship. After a score of emails that day, we concluded that we were fourth cousins and began a research relationship that has lasted two years, and hopefully will last a lifetime.

“Cousin L” had only learned about the Owston connection of her family three years previous when her grandmother passed. Her grandmother wasn’t even aware of her birth name until she went to file for her old age pension some years earlier. The office told her that her birth name was Ouston (as it was recorded on the certificate). “Cousin L’s” mother told her about this incident as she was preparing her grandmother’s eulogy. Three years later, she embarked on a journey that has made a perfect complement to what research I had already conducted since 1978.

Elementary, My Dear Watson

Referring to ourselves as Holmes and Watson, we have compared notes and “Cousin L” (AKA Watson) has been able to conduct research in Canada that I was unable to do and would have never had the opportunity to pursue due to distance, cost, and time. Her second cousin and my fourth cousin Tom of whom I’ve known since 1991 has also joined in the mix and also shares information with our cousin from the “Great White North.”

Being There is Half the Battle

The nice thing about having a fairly close relative in an ancestral location is that she has research advantages that neither Tom nor I have, as we both live 60 miles from each other in Southern West Virginia. Since our discovery two years ago, Dr. Watson has visited and taken photos and videos of property that once belonged to our family.

 Houses near where the old William Owston, Sr. homestead was once located
Farm on the property once owned by William Owston, Jr.

She also found the burial location of our 3rd great grandmother and photographed this unusual cemetery that holds 37 graves that is surrounded by a parking lot. The surviving stones were embedded in blacktop and most of the graves are probably under the blacktop of the adjoining parking lot.

 The Remnant of St. Andrew's Kirk Cemetery in Cobourg, Ontario

She also found several other graves including her grandmother’s oldest half-brother. That particular stone had sunken into the ground. She and Peter Bolton (a genealogist and historian I had contact with in the late 1990s) searched the plot by probing the ground with a big screwdriver. Finally, they hit stone and were able to rescue the gravestone from oblivion.

George Frederick Owston grave at Port Hope (Ontario) Union Cemetery
Note the surname - the family would not change spellings for another 20 years. 

To date, her greatest discovery was finding the first cousin of both her and Tom’s grandmothers. The final record I had of the woman named Frances Winnifred Beatrice Owston (AKA Fanny W.B. Owston and F. Winnifred Owston) was from a 1915 land record. The deed recorded her last known locality as Toronto and a 1909 deed indicated that her middle name Winnifred was her primary identification. At that point, the trail was cold and I could go no further. She had completely vanished, vamoosed, and disappeared. Was she abducted by aliens? Even Mulder and Scully couldn’t solve this one.

The Plot Thickens

Leave it to resourceful Watson to unearth the mystery. While it didn’t come overnight, she was able to ascertain that by 1911 Winnie became known as Winnifred Margaret Houston – hence, my inability to find her. Margaret, which was not her given middle name, was her mother’s first name, and perhaps she assumed it after her mother’s death in 1907 – we may never know the answer to this mystery as well as to reason she adopted the surname Houston (pronounced House-ton and not Use-ton). Drop the “H” and Houston and Owston are pronounced alike. The reasons for her new identity probably followed her to the grave in 1962.

The unusual thing about the surname change is that among William Owston, Jr.’s descendants, this was not the only name change. Her first cousin changed his name from Owston to Austin and one of his sons went from Owston to Austin to Ouston. This is very strange indeed as no name changes had occurred in our allied family since the early 1700s when two lines went from Owston to Ouston. Up to that point and even back to the earliest record of our line (1567), the spelling remained constant.

With the knowledge of the new identity and sheer basic grit and determination to get an answer, “Cousin L” found Winnie’s marriage certificate and eventually her date of death. One month ago this weekend, she visited Winnie’s grave site for the first time and closed the loop on this hard to find relative. Incidentally, her grave marker has her name as Margaret Winnifred Spragge. Another change or perhaps a mistake – we may never know.

Grave for Winnie, her husband, and her in-laws at Mt. Pleasant Cemetery, Toronto

Winnie having married later in life (and even misrepresenting her age as five years younger) had no progeny to carry on the Owston DNA. Despite that, it was great to finally know what happened to the woman that appeared to have vanished from the face of the earth. One down and about seven to go in the mysterious disappearances of the grandchildren and great grandchildren of William Owston and Frances Wilson.

DNA Doesn’t Lie

In addition to working on our lineage, “Cousin L” and I have also participated in DNA testing – and yes we are actually related. If there were any doubts that George Arthur Owston was her great-grandfather – they have been completely dispelled. Below is a representation how "Cousin L" matches me and my brothers.

In addition, we have discovered that we are also distantly related through my mother’s family. How remains a mystery, but one that Holmes and Watson will end up sleuthing over the miles and across at least two nations – my, Baker Street is one long highway. Happy Anniversary, Cuz.